新西兰奥克兰作业代写:上层世界的事物

柏拉图接着详述了如果囚犯必须看着火光本身会发生什么。根据柏拉图的理论,囚犯的眼睛会疼痛,他会试图逃到他能看清楚的地方。这样,犯人就会相信,这些东西比向他展示的其他东西更清楚。柏拉图还指出,如果囚犯被强行拖上陡峭崎岖的山坡,在面对阳光之前不会被释放,会发生什么。这个囚犯会被他的治疗所影响,以至于他会感到痛苦和困惑。然后,囚犯会被阳光照瞎,看不到任何他被告知现在存在和真实的物体。囚犯需要慢慢适应,才能看到“上层世界”的事物。“他必须从小处着手,先观察阴影和反射等物体,然后再观察天空、月光和星星等更复杂的图像。”然后囚犯会继续观察太阳,思考太阳的存在。通过对它的研究,犯人会得出这样的结论:太阳产生季节和一年的进程,控制着看得见的世界上的一切事物,而且它也是他和他的同伴们所看到的一切事物的原因。这时,囚犯就会想到以前的狱友,他肯定会觉得自己在这种变化中很快乐,会为他们感到难过。囚犯们可能有一个练习,他们尊敬和赞扬,与一个奖的人敏锐的眼睛的阴影和最好的记忆他们遵循的顺序或陪着彼此,所以,他可以成为一个好猜会是下一个。柏拉图质疑被释放的囚犯是否会贪图这些奖赏,或嫉妒那些被提升到洞穴中获得荣誉或权力的人。柏拉图质疑这个囚犯是否会像荷马的阿喀琉斯(Achilles)一样,他宁愿忍受“在地球上做一个没有土地的人家里的雇工”,也不愿忍受任何事情,而不愿回到他的旧信仰,以旧的方式生活。

新西兰奥克兰作业代写:上层世界的事物

Plato then goes on to detail what would happen if the prisoner had to look at the firelight itself. According to Plato, the prisoner’s eyes would ache and he would try to escape to the things he could see distinctly. The prisoner would then be convinced that they were clearer then those other objects being shown to him. Plato also addresses what would happen if the prisoner were to be dragged away forcibly up the steep and rugged ascent and would not be let go until he faced the sunlight. The prisoner would be so affected by his treatment that he would suffer pain and confusion. The prisoner would then be blinded by the light of the sun and would not be able to see any of the objects he was told were now existent and real. prisoner would need to grow accustomed before he could see things in the “upper world.” He would have to start small, viewing things such as shadows and reflections before he viewed more complex images such as that of sky, the light of the moon, and the stars. The prisoner would then move on to view the Sun and contemplate its existence. From examining it, the prisoner would then conclude that the Sun produces the seasons and the course of the year and controls everything in the visible world, and moreover it is the cause of all that he and his companions use to see. The prisoner would then consider his former fellow prisoners and he would surely think himself happy in the change and would feel sorry for them. The prisoners may have had a practice where they honored and commended one another, with a prize for the man who had the keenest eye for the passing of shadows and the best memory for the order in which they followed or accompanied one another, so that he could make a good guess as to which was going to come next. Plato questions whether the released prisoner would be likely to covet those prizes or to envy the men exalted to honor or power in the cave. Plato questions if the prisoner would be like Homer’s Achilles, and he would far sooner endure “being on earth as a hired servant in the house of a landless man” or endure anything rather then go back to his old beliefs and live in the old way.

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