新西兰地理学作业代写:酸雨

酸雨还会影响一些建筑物和桥梁,加速它们的退化,包括石灰石雕像和一些金属,包括青铜、铜、锌和镍。这可能是危险的,因为这些桥梁可能被摧毁,在某些情况下,可能会毁掉一些人的生命。这些建筑、雕塑和桥梁的衰落可能会花费政府大量的维护和维修费用。污染是消费的负外部性。这意味着第三方将因经济交易的产品而遭受损失。在这种情况下,生产者(汽车制造商)将汽车卖给消费者,当消费者使用汽车时,汽车将从排气管排放许多有毒气体到大气中。第三个人(一个人走在街上)会吸入有害的空气。间接成本包括生活质量的下降,比如在烟囱附近的房主,以及治疗哮喘或肺癌等疾病的更高的医疗成本。可以实施的政府干预措施是向进入曼彻斯特的柴油车收费。这将使人们考虑是否值得使用他们的汽车进入曼彻斯特,因为它将花费更多,这意味着他们将有更少的钱花在最大化他们的消费者福利。随着越来越少的人使用柴油车进入曼彻斯特,由此产生的污染也会减少,从而影响更少的人来抵消由此带来的负外部性。

新西兰地理学作业代写:酸雨

Acid rain also affects some buildings and bridges and speeds up the deterioration of them, including limestone statues and some metals including bronze, copper, zinc and nickel. This can be dangerous as these bridges may be destroyed which could, in some cases, destroy some lives. The decline of these buildings, statues and bridges can cost the government a massive amount in maintenance and repair costs.Pollution is a negative externality in consumption. This means that a third party will suffer due to the products of the economic transaction. In this case, the producer (a car manufacturer) would sell the car to a consumer and when the consumer would use the car it would emit many poisonous gases from the exhaust pipes into the atmosphere. A third party (a person walking down the street) would inhale the polluted air affecting them in a negative way. The indirect costs include decreased quality of life, say in the case of a home owner near a smokestack and higher health care costs to treat things such as asthma or lung cancer.Government intervention that could be implemented is charging diesel vehicles to enter Manchester. This would make people consider whether it is worth using their car to enter Manchester as it would cost more, meaning they would have less money to spend on maximising their consumer welfare. With less people using diesel vehicles to enter Manchester, the amount of pollution created from said cars would also decrease therefore affecting less people balancing out the negative externality caused.

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